Recognizing the common symptoms of cardiovascular diseases

Verified by Dr. M V Reddy– Senior Consultant Cardiology at Apollo Hospitals Navi Mumbai.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, silently affecting millions before striking unexpectedly. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels including coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease, heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, congenital heart disease and valvular heart disease. Early recognition of symptoms is crucial, as prompt diagnosis and intervention can drastically improve outcomes. 

What are the common symptoms of cardiovascular diseases?

• Chest pain or discomfort: This classic symptom, often described as squeezing or tightness, can radiate to the neck, back, jaw, or arms. While indigestion can mimic it, persistent or worsening pain warrants immediate medical attention.
• Palpitations and irregular heartbeat: A fluttering or racing heart, especially accompanied by dizziness or lightheadedness, could indicate arrhythmias – abnormal heart rhythms – requiring medical evaluation.
• Shortness of breath: Difficulty in breathing, even at rest or during light activity, should raise an alarm. It can signify heart failure, where the heart struggles to pump effectively.
• Fatigue and exhaustion: While feeling tired is common, unexplained and persistent fatigue, especially following minimal exertion, can be a warning sign of underlying CVDs.
• Swollen legs and ankles: Fluid buildup in the lower extremities, particularly around the ankles and calves, can be a sign of heart failure or blood vessel disorders. Look for pitting, where pressure leaves a dent that slowly regains its shape.
• Numbness or pain in limbs: Reduced blood flow to the legs can cause pain, cramps, or even numbness, especially during walking. This could indicate peripheral artery disease, where arteries narrow and block circulation.

These are just some common symptoms, and not everyone will experience them all. Some CVDs, like high blood pressure, often have no noticeable symptoms initially. Regular checkups and maintaining a healthy lifestyle are crucial for early detection and prevention. If you experience any of these symptoms, especially if they are sudden, persistent, or worsening, don’t hesitate to seek medical advice.

Consult our expert, Dr. M V Reddy – Senior Consultant Cardiology at Apollo Hospitals Navi Mumbai. Call 022 6280 6280 for an appointment.