How does a ketogenic diet help individuals with epilepsy?
Verified by: Ms. Varsha Gorey (Nutrition/Diet)- Senior Clinical Dietician, Apollo Hospitals Navi Mumbai.
What is a ketogenic diet?
A ketogenic diet is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that has been found to be beneficial in managing epilepsy, particularly in individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy or in the case of refractory epilepsy. Ratio of fats to carbohydrate and proteins is of particular significance to attain ketosis. Ratio of 4:1/ 3:1 is planned but this can vary from patient to patient. Foods with 70-80% of estimated calories are fat sources. Selection of type of fats and other nutrients is essential.
How does a ketogenic diet help individuals with epilepsy?
- Ketones as an alternative fuel source
When following a ketogenic diet, the body enters a state called ketosis, where it primarily uses ketones as a source of fuel instead of glucose. Ketones are produced from the breakdown of fats in the liver. This metabolic shift provides a more stable and consistent energy supply to the brain, which can help reduce the frequency and severity of seizures.
- Reduction in seizure activity
The ketogenic diet has been shown to have anticonvulsant effects, meaning it helps reduce seizure activity. The precise mechanisms behind this effect are not fully understood, but it is believed that the ketones produced during ketosis have a stabilizing effect on neuronal activity, making it less susceptible to seizures. Additionally, the diet may help regulate neurotransmitters (messengers in the brain) and decrease inflammation, further contributing to seizure control.
- Drug-resistant epilepsy
Some individuals with epilepsy do not respond adequately to traditional anti-seizure medications. For these individuals, a ketogenic diet can be a valuable alternative or adjunctive treatment. It offers a non-pharmacological approach to seizure management, providing additional options for individuals who have limited effectiveness with medications alone.
- Long-term benefits
Research has shown that the ketogenic diet can have long-term benefits for individuals with epilepsy. Some studies have demonstrated sustained reduction in seizure frequency even after discontinuing the diet. Additionally, diet has been associated with improved cognitive function, mood stability, and overall quality of life in some individuals.
Modified Atkins diet
In addition to the classical ketogenic diet, a modified Atkins diet (MAD) has been developed as a more flexible and less restrictive dietary approach. MAD involves a higher protein intake and fewer restrictions on calories and fluids while still maintaining a low-carbohydrate and high-fat ratio. This modified version allows for easier adherence and greater practicality, making it more feasible for individuals to sustain the diet long-term.
Consult the best clinical dietician in Mumbai.
It’s important to note that implementing a ketogenic diet for epilepsy should be done under the supervision of healthcare professionals, including a registered dietitian experienced in epilepsy management. The diet requires careful monitoring, adjustment, and nutritional supplementation to ensure that individuals receive all the necessary nutrients for optimal health while maintaining ketosis.
Apollo Hospitals introduces Apollo Epilepsy Screening Clinic-Your partner in epilepsy care. Our team of experts provide multidisciplinary care including
- Medical management by Neurologist
- Mental health management by Psychologist
- Educational support by Special Educators
- Rehabilitation by Physiotherapists
- Diet Consultation
Get in touch with our experts to know more. Book an appointment on 022 6280 6280 or visit https://www.apollohospitals.com/mumbai/contact-us/