Why is foot care so important when people have diabetes?

Verified by Dr. Mahesh Chavan, Consultant Endocrinology, Apollo Hospitals, Navi Mumbai

Foot care is crucial for individuals with diabetes because diabetes can lead to complications that affect the feet. Elevated blood glucose levels over time can cause damage to the nerves (neuropathy) and impair blood flow (peripheral arterial disease) in the feet, leading to several potential foot problems like ulcers, nerve damage, fungal infections, etc.

Here are some reasons why foot care is particularly important for people with diabetes:

• Peripheral neuropathy: High blood sugar levels can damage the nerves in the feet, leading to reduced sensation or even complete loss of feeling. This means that individuals with diabetes may not notice injuries, cuts, blisters, or infections on their feet, which can then worsen and lead to serious complications.
• Poor circulation: Diabetes can also cause damage to blood vessels, leading to reduced blood flow to the feet. Adequate blood flow is essential for wound healing, and impaired circulation can slow down the healing process, increasing the risk of infections and complications.
• Diabetic foot ulcers: Due to neuropathy and reduced blood flow, minor cuts or blisters can easily develop into ulcers (open sores). Ulcers can be challenging to heal and can become infected, posing a significant risk to the foot and overall health.
• Infections: Reduced sensation and poor circulation in the feet can make it more difficult for the body to fight off infections. Untreated infections can lead to serious consequences and may even result in amputation if they spread to deeper tissues.
• Gangrene: Severe infections and untreated foot ulcers can lead to tissue death (gangrene), which may necessitate surgical intervention or amputation to prevent the spread of the infection.

To prevent these complications and maintain foot health, individuals with diabetes should practice regular foot care. Here are some essential foot care tips for people with diabetes:

a. Inspect feet daily: Check for cuts, blisters, sores, or any abnormalities. If you have trouble seeing the bottom of your feet, use a mirror or ask someone for assistance.

b. Keep feet clean and dry: Wash feet daily with mild soap and warm water, and thoroughly dry them, especially between the toes.

c. Moisturize: Apply a gentle moisturizer to prevent dry, cracked skin, but avoid applying it between the toes.

d. Trim toenails carefully: Cut nails straight across and file the edges to avoid ingrown toenails.

e. Wear proper footwear: Choose comfortable, well-fitting shoes that provide adequate support and protection. Avoid walking barefoot, even indoors.

f. Regular foot exams: Schedule regular foot check-ups with a healthcare professional, preferably a podiatrist, to monitor any changes or potential issues.

g. Manage blood sugar levels: Keeping blood glucose levels within a target range can help prevent or delay the onset of diabetic complications, including foot problems.

Taking good care of your feet, along with overall diabetes management, can significantly reduce the risk of serious foot complications and help maintain a good quality of life. If you have diabetes, work closely with an expert doctor to develop a personalized foot care plan based on your individual needs and medical history.

Find the best endocrinologist near you.

Apollo Diabetic Foot Care Clinic, Navi Mumbai offers preventive as well as curative management strategies for foot problems in individuals with diabetes. Our specialists include Dr. Mahesh Chavan, Consultant Endocrinology, Dr. Vinod Vij, Consultant Plastic Surgery, Dr. Charudatta Chaudhary, Consultant Plastic Surgery & Dr. Amit Sahu, Consultant Interventional Radiology.  

Call 022 6280 6280 for an appointment with our diabetic foot experts.