Liver Cirrhosis
Liver Cirrhosis
Liver cirrhosis is the scarring of the liver occurring due to liver conditions such as hepatitis and chronic alcoholism. Whenever the liver is damaged due to any disease or excessive alcohol consumption, it tries to repair itself during which the scar tissue forms. As the damage progresses, scar tissue also forms more and more making it difficult for the liver to function.
Symptoms of liver cirrhosis
You may not have signs and symptoms until your liver gets severely damaged. Signs and symptoms of liver cirrhosis are:
- Fatigue
- Easy bruising or bleeding
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea or vomiting
- Mild pain or discomfort in the abdomen
- Itchy skin
- Dark-colored urine
- Jaundice
- Swelling in the lower legs, ankle, and feet
If you notice any of the above symptoms, consult a gastroenterologist or hepatologist.
Causes of liver cirrhosis
The most common causes of liver cirrhosis are alcohol abuse, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (due to obesity and diabetes), and chronic viral infections (hepatitis B and C).
Diagnosis of liver cirrhosis
A liver function test (LFT) is performed to measure liver enzymes levels. Increased levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, and decreased levels of blood proteins such as albumin indicate liver damage. Complete blood count can reveal signs of infection and anemia.
Imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT, and MRI scans can show the size, shape, and texture of the liver. It helps to know about the extent of damage to the liver.
A biopsy may also be performed to identify the cause of cirrhosis when the results of other tests are uncertain.
Treatment of liver cirrhosis
Treatment of liver cirrhosis can be given to treat underlying causes such as alcohol dependency and hepatitis. Treatment options may include medications, surgery, or transplant based on the severity of the condition. Transplant is recommended in severe cases when the liver completely fails to function.