Gynaecological Procedures in Mumbai
Our areas of expertise include:
- Abnormal Pap evaluation & management including Colposcopy, Cryosurgery & loop electrosurgical excision
- Heavy/painful period evaluation & management
- Menopause evaluation & management
- Irregular bleeding evaluation & management
- Pelvic pain evaluation & treatment
- Post-menopausal bleeding evaluation & management
- Breast mass evaluation (Digital Mammogram, Breast MRI)
- Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) evaluation & management
- Ovarian cysts evaluation & management
- Fibroids Evaluation & Treatment
- Gynaecological cancer evaluation
- Treatment of stress urinary incontinence
- Dilation & curettage (D&C)
- Pelvic reconstruction for prolapse(minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery)
- Endometriosis evaluation & treatment (medical & surgical)
State-of-the art surgical treatments include
- Treatment of fibroids, including myomectomy & hysterectomy
- Treatment for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
- Hysterectomy (laparoscopic, vaginal, abdominal)
Minimally Invasive Surgery
Laparoscopic Gynaecology
- Laparoscopic gynaecology is the most sought after surgical method in recent times. Laparoscopic surgery, also called minimally invasive surgery is procedure in which operations are performed through small incisions.
- There are a number of advantages of laparoscopic surgery. Some of these include reduced pain due to smaller incisions, reduced blood loss and shorter recovery time.
- Most surgical procedures are now performed laparoscopically by our experts at Apollo hospitals, Navi Mumbai. Adhesions, Endometriosis, Ovarian Tumors, Hysterectomy, Colposuspension, laparoscopic tubectomy, myomectomy of fibroids and infertility are performed laproscopically.
High-Risk Pregnancy
High-risk pregnancies can mean complications during pregnancy andlabour, and require special care by trained and experienced specialists.
When you learn that you are pregnant, consult your doctor about the possibility of a high-risk pregnancy. Openly discuss any pre-existing medical conditions, how they can be managed and the possible consequences on the same on labour and delivery.
If you experience any of the following signs of high-risk pregnancy, it is essential to get immediate medical attention:
- You lose consciousness – It wouldn’t be possible for you to take any action in this situation. Brief your partner, neighbour or colleague in advance of what to do in such a situation
- You experience vaginal bleeding
- You experience unbearable pain in your pelvis or belly
- You have fluid leaking from your vagina – This could be because the umbilical cord is bulging into your vagina. Call for emergency help immediately. Meanwhile, get down on your knees so that your rear end (buttocks) is higher than your head. This will help reduce the pressure on the cord until help arrives.
- You experience persistent pelvic pressure or back pain
- You observe that your baby is moving less than normal or not moving
- You experience signs of pre-eclampsia such as sudden swelling of your hands, feet or face; vision problems such as dimness or blurring; a severe headache
During pregnancy, it is critical to stay vigilant and watch out for any signs that indicate that your pregnancy is not progressing as it is supposed to. Not all signs would mean that you have a problem, but it is always advisable to stay alert and consult your doctor at the slightest sign of distress.
Risk Factors
A critical part of managing high-risk pregnancies can ascertain the cause, or the risk factors that can cause complication. High-risk pregnancy factors can broadly be split into four different categories. These include:
- Maternal age
One of the common risk factors that can cause complications during your pregnancy is your age. Woman who are over the age of 35, when their baby is due, are at a greater risk of complications. These complications can include having a caesarean delivery, prolonged labour, labour that does not advance or an infant who may suffer from a genetic disorder. Other delivery complications, like excessive bleeding during labour, may also be faced. - Lifestyle choices
Lifestyle choices like drinking alcohol or cigarette smoking can adversely affect your pregnancy. The former, when consumed, passes directly to the foetus, through the umbilical cord. Studies suggest that women who drink during pregnancy are more likely to suffer from a miscarriage, or in extreme cases, a stillbirth.
Other risks of alcohol consumption during this period include a greater chance of congenital disabilities or Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. The latter is a term used to describe a category of Foetal disorders that can be caused by alcohol consumption. These disorders can include abnormal facial features, height problems, low body weight, hyperactivity disorder, intellectual disabilities or vision and hearing problems.
Cigarette smoking during pregnancy can put your baby at risk for preterm birth, birth defects and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Second-hand smoke can also be dangerous for you and your baby, and can put you at an increased risk for health problems. - Pregnancy conditions
Conditions like multiple gestation, gestational diabetes and preeclampsia can result in a high-risk pregnancy. - Medical history:
Your pregnancy can also be affected by some pre-existing health conditions. These can include:- High Blood Pressure:
Uncontrolled blood pressure can result in damage to your kidneys, or increase the risk for a low birth weight. - Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS):
This disorder can interfere with your ability to get pregnant, or to have a full-term pregnancy. PCOS can also increase your chance of suffering from a miscarriage, and increase the likelihood of premature delivery, preeclampsia or gestational diabetes. - Diabetes:
High blood sugar levels when you are pregnant can cause birth defects in your baby during the first few weeks of your pregnancy. - Kidney Disease:
You may find it tough to conceive if you are suffering from a kidney disease. Your pregnancy also faces a significant risk of miscarriage. - Autoimmune Disease:
Certain autoimmune diseases, like Lupus, can increase the risk of preterm birth or even stillbirth. The treatment that you may be undergoing to tackle this can also be harmful to your baby, making it essential to check with your doctor while planning your pregnancy. - Thyroid Disease:
An uncontrolled Thyroid disease, such as an overactive or an underactive thyroid, can cause problems for your baby, like heart failure, poor weight gain or other birth defects. - Obesity:
Excess weight can make your pregnancy more difficult, and also increase your chances of developing diabetes during pregnancy. Excessive weight can also result in a difficult birth. Being underweight can also be a treat, both for you and your baby.
Understanding the risk factors that can cause a high risk pregnancy is only the first step towards ensuring a healthy delivery. Our experts merge expertise, experience and the latest technology to diagnose and treat.
- High Blood Pressure:
Diagnosis
High risk pregnancies can be diagnosed in a number of ways by a medical practitioner. The below tests will help in the identification of high risk pregnancy problems, and will be prescribed by your doctor depending on your condition or symptoms.
- Ultrasounds – A number of ultrasounds are used for high risk pregnancy diagnosis. These include targeted ultrasounds, which can construct an image of your child in the womb, and target a suspected issue, like an abnormal Foetal development.
- Blood Testing – A routine blood test may also be diagnosed, as it can indicate that you have an underlying condition, such as gestational hypertension. This can place you and your child at risk, and will require prenatal monitoring and treatment.
- Urinalysis – Conditions like preeclampsia can be diagnosed through this test, as it can detect excess protein in the urine.
- Amniocentesis – During this test, a sample of the amniotic fluid, which surrounds your baby, is harmlessly extracted for tests. Typically conducted after the 15th week of your pregnancy, as part of high risk pregnancy diagnosis, to test for genetic conditions like neural tube defects, or brain and spinal cord abnormalities.
- Cordocentesis– Typically conducted after the 18th week of pregnancy, this test is able to identify certain fetial chromosomal abnormalities, blood conditions and viral or bacterial infections.
- Ultrasounds – A number of ultrasounds are used for high risk pregnancy diagnosis. These include targeted ultrasounds, which can construct an image of your child in the womb, and target a suspected issue, like an abnormal Foetal development.
- Chorionic Villus Sampling – This test is typically suggested to test abnormalities, in the event that your doctor suspects a Foetal genetic conditions. Conducted between the 10th and 12th week of your pregnancy, the cells of the placenta are harmlessly removed and tested.
- Laboratory Tests – In case you have had a history of pre-term labour, your doctor may suggest that a sample of your vaginal fluid be tested for Foetal fibronectin. This is a glue-like substance that helps connect the Foetal sac to your uterine lining. If the test comes back positive, this could be a sign of an early delivery.
- Blood Testing – A routine blood test may also be diagnosed, as it can indicate that you have an underlying condition, such as gestational hypertension. This can place you and your child at risk, and will require prenatal monitoring and treatment.
- Urinalysis – Conditions like preeclampsia can be diagnosed through this test, as it can detect excess protein in the urine.
- Fundal Height Measurement – Fundal height is the measurement which indicates the distance between the pubic bone and the top of the uterus. A measurement that is too large can indicate a macrosomic, or an overly large foetus.
- Foetal Monitoring: An unborn baby that is thought to be unduly large can be monitored through non-stress testing. This test will measure your baby’s heart rate, in response to their movements, and may also be conducted if your doctor feels that the child may have a condition that can cause Foetal distress during delivery.
Conditions & Treatment
Gestational Diabetes – This condition can increase the risk of complications in pregnancy. However, you can have a healthy pregnancy and birth by following a diet and treatment plan prescribed by a doctor. Some elements of a gestational diabetes treatment plan are:
- Keeping track of blood sugar levels by testing multiple times in a day
- Having a diet with smaller and frequent meals throughout the day that are low in carbohydrates, sugars and high in fibre
- Keeping track of overall weight gain and weekly rate of weight gain
- Recording daily physical activity, food intake and blood sugar levels
In addition, you may also be prescribed medication to manage your diabetes. This condition generally disappears post-delivery.
High blood pressure – During pregnancy, some changes to blood pressure medication may be recommended. Lifestyle changes such as limiting salt intake and regular exercise may also be prescribed for the treatment of this condition.
- Preeclampsia – If you are experiencing mild symptoms, bed rest may be prescribed. You may also be asked to take vitamins E and C. Generally, this condition ends post-delivery.
- Placenta Previa – If the bleeding is light, your doctor may simply monitor you carefully. In most of the cases, the placenta moves away from the cervix by itself. If the placenta blocks your cervix completely, you may be asked to take complete bed rest. Recurring bouts of bleeding could require hospitalisation.
- Pre-term labour – While the treatment varies from case-to-case, treatment measures such as bed rest and drinking plenty of fluids may be recommended.
