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    HDR Brachytherapy

    Brachytherapy involves placing a protected radiation source directly within or near the tumour site. High Dose Rate (HDR) brachytherapy, also known as temporary brachytherapy, is a form of internal radiation. Compared to low-dose-rate brachytherapy, HDR brachytherapy is generally more convenient due to its shorter treatment time, smaller applicators, and the possibility of being performed on an outpatient basis.

    At Apollo Cancer Centre, Hyderabad, our expert radiologists provide this advanced procedure for various conditions, including prostate cancer, head and neck cancer, pulmonary cancer, and more.

    Conditions Treated:

    HDR implants deliver radiation through tubes inserted into the body to target and destroy cancer cells. The radiation source is removed within minutes, leaving no residual radiation in the body. HDR is effective in treating:

    • Prostate cancer
    • Breast cancer
    • Lung cancer
    • Cervical cancer
    • Head and neck cancers
    • Sarcoma
    • Melanoma

    How Does High-Dose Rate Brachytherapy Work?

    High-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy involves positioning a protected high-energy radiation source directly within the tumour employing specially designed applicators. These radioactive materials are positioned on the surface of the tumour, implanted within it, or placed in a body cavity surrounded by the tumour. To enhance patient comfort, pain relief or relaxation medication is often administered before the procedure.

    After the applicator is positioned, imaging is used to verify its placement and assist in treatment planning. An individualised treatment plan is then created and administered. Once the treatment is complete, the applicator is removed.

    What Happens During the Procedure?

    Your radiation oncologist will conduct a computed tomography (CT) scan or another imaging scan to determine the precise location of the radioactive materials. Subsequently, they will insert applicators, typically catheters, during a minor outpatient surgical procedure. The implants are then guided to the cancer site through the applicators with the assistance of a computer to ensure accurate placement. The implant may be positioned in or near the tumour.

    After a brief period, often less than 30 minutes, the implant is removed. In certain cancers, such as breast cancer, the implant may remain in place for several days. Your radiation oncologist will discuss the frequency and duration of your therapy, which vary based on the type and stage of cancer and the personalised recommendation of your radiation oncologist. HDR brachytherapy treatment does not leave any residual radiation in your body once it is completed.

    Benefits of HDR Brachytherapy

    • Enhanced Safety: HDR brachytherapy delivers highly localised radiation doses to the tumour quickly, without exposing the patient’s family or hospital staff to radiation.
    • Benefit for Prostate Cancer: HDR brachytherapy administers a concentrated dose of radiation directly to the prostate, ensuring that surrounding healthy tissue receives minimal exposure. This reduces the risk of damage and minimises potential side effects.
    • Quicker Treatment: HDR brachytherapy, being conducted on an outpatient basis, offers greater convenience and cost-effectiveness compared to low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy, typically necessitating a hospital stay.
    • Faster Recovery: The quick recovery usually allows individuals to resume their normal activities within approximately one week.
    • Minimised Side Effects: LDR (Low Dose Rate) brachytherapy frequently necessitates patients to maintain immobility for extended periods, increasing the risk of deep vein thrombosis. This risk is eliminated with HDR brachytherapy, as it does not require prolonged immobility.
    • Accurate Control: The treatment planning system used in HDR brachytherapy allows physicians precise control over the radiation dose delivered to the intended area while minimising radiation exposure to surrounding healthy tissue.

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    FAQ's

    Brachytherapy is typically not recommended if you are already experiencing difficulty passing urine, as it may exacerbate bladder issues. Following treatment, you may notice some blood in your urine and semen for a few weeks. If bleeding intensifies or you develop large clots, it is important to promptly inform your doctor.

    Your doctor may recommend the following pre-procedure preparations: ➢ Blood tests ➢ Pre-treatment ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI ➢ Chest X-rays ➢ Electrocardiogram

    Conditions that may contraindicate prostate brachytherapy include distant metastasis, high surgical risk, significant urethral defects, ataxia telangiectasia, absence of the rectum, and limited life expectancy.
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