Trichomoniasis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment
Verified By Apollo Hospitals October 1, 2024
Trichomoniasis is a non-viral contagious sexually transmitted infection caused by the parasite ‘Trichomonas vaginalis’.
What do we need to know about trichomoniasis?
It can spread through oral, vaginal or anal sex. To prevent reinfection by trichomoniasis, it is important to treat both partners. It is a common but curable condition. In most cases, the symptoms of trichomoniasis may not be very severe or even absent, thereby increasing the chances of transmission. Pregnant women with trichomoniasis are at a higher risk of delivering premature babies.
What are the symptoms of trichomoniasis?
Symptoms in women:
- A foul-smelling vaginal discharge
- Abnormal colouration in the vaginal discharge – grey, green or yellow
- Burning, itching and redness in the external genitalia
- Pain while urinating and during sexual intercourse
Symptoms in men:
- Irritation inside the penis
- Burning while urinating or during ejaculation
- Abnormal discharge from the penis
What are the causes of trichomoniasis?
Trichomoniasis is caused by a single-celled parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. The incubation period between this parasite’s exposure and infection is estimated to be 4 to 28 days.
When do you need to see a doctor?
Immediately seek medical attention if you feel pain while urinating or during intercourse.
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What are the risk factors associated with trichomoniasis?
Risk factors include:
- Sexual intercourse with multiple partners
- History of STIs or trichomoniasis
- Unprotected sexual intercourse
What are the treatment options for trichomoniasis?
Trichominiasis needs treatment as soon as it is diagnosed. Treatment involves oral, anti-infective medications, metronidazole and tinidazole. Certain points to remember are:
- Medication needs to be taken for at least a week, depending on the condition.
- Both partners should be treated to ensure that reinfection does not occur.
- Avoid sexual intercourse for at least a week after medication.
- Regularly visit your doctor for routine checkups.
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Conclusion
Trichomoniasis is a very common STI and can be treated with proper care and medication. It rarely causes any long-term problems. Persons with trichomoniasis are twice as likely to develop HIV infection than the general population. One possible explanation can be that T vaginalis disrupts epithelial monolayer, causing increased passage of the HIV virus.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What are the complications from trich?
The complications include:
- Premature delivery in pregnant women
- Infected pregnant women can pass this infection to their children
How can this infection be prevented?
The preventive steps include:
- Have protected sex.
- Avoid multiple sexual partners.
- Go for routine checkups for timely detection of trich and other STIS and treatment.
How is trichomoniasis diagnosed?
It is diagnosed with physical examination of the pelvic region and certain lab tests that require vaginal swabs or swabs of discharge from the penis.
Can this infection get in your throat?
Yes, there are chances of trichomoniasis developing in your throat during oral sex with an infected person.
Can trichomoniasis spread through a non-sexual transmission?
It’s not clear, but certain studies show that trichcan be non-sexually transmitted through sharing towels and toilet seats and even via swimming pool.
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