Thalassemia is a genetic condition affecting the red blood cells. Haemoglobin is a chemical found in the red blood red cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to all body parts. Thalassemia occurs when a person is unable to produce the required amount of haemoglobin.
Some people inherit one haemoglobin A gene and one beta thalassemia gene and have beta thalassemia trait, also called beta thalassemia minor. The red blood cells of these individuals are smaller than normal red blood cells. They are also a little anaemic, but this anaemia does not usually need treatment. However, they can pass on the beta thalassemia gene to their children.
People with beta thalassemia major are unable to make the chemical needed to produce enough mature haemoglobin. Haemoglobin is essential for carrying oxygen around the body. Without sufficient haemoglobin, the body cannot carry oxygen properly and after a while, the body will not survive.
Yes, it is called Blood and marrow Transplantation (BMT).
BMT for thalassemia major is a medical procedure. The child and the donor are tested initially, and then the process begins. The donor could be from the family, unrelated or a half-matched family member. The success rates are over 90%.
There is no harmful effect on the donor!
BMT for thalassemia major is a medical procedure. The child and the donor are tested initially, and then the process begins. The donor could be from the family, unrelated or a half-matched family member. The success rates are over 90%.
There is no harmful effect on the donor!
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Prenatal tests recommended are:
- Chorionic Villus Sampling – This test is performed from the 10th to 12th week of pregnancy. It looks at cells taken from the placenta.
- Amniocentesis – This usually is done between the 16th to 18th weeks of pregnancy. Under ultrasound guidance, the doctor removes a small amount of the amniotic fluid for DNA testing.
- Foetal Blood Sampling -This can get carried out from the 18th to the 20th week of pregnancy. A sample of the baby’s blood is obtained and tested to determine whether or not the baby has Thalassemia Major.
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The ongoing care of your child should include:
- Regular blood transfusions
- Regular iron chelation
- Regular evaluation for endocrine, liver and heart problems
- Regular physical exams
- Regular blood work
- Not taking iron supplements
