Best Doctors for Spina Bifida in Bangalore

Types/Stages of Spina Bifida

Spina bifida can occur in three distinct forms:

• Spina Bifida Occulta: This is the mildest type where the spinal cord and nerves remain undamaged. It often presents with no symptoms or very mild signs such as a birthmark or tuft of hair at the affected site.

• Meningocele: In this type, the meninges protrude through an opening in the vertebrae and form a sac filled with cerebrospinal fluid. The spinal cord usually remains unaffected.

• Myelomeningocele: This severe form leaves the spinal canal open along several vertebrae in the lower or middle back, exposing the spinal cord and nerves. It often leads to neurological issues, paralysis, and other complications.

Symptoms of Spina Bifida

The symptoms vary depending on the type and severity. Common symptoms include:

• Visible sac on the back

• Paralysis or weakness in the legs

• Orthopaedic issues, such as curvature of the spine

• Bladder and bowel control problems

• Hydrocephalus, which can cause increased head size, vomiting, and seizures

• Sensory and motor issues below the level of the spinal opening

• Cognitive problems

• Coordination issues

Tests to Diagnose Spina Bifida

The Best Doctors For Spina Bifida Treatment diagnose the condition through various tests, which include:

• Maternal Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Screening: A blood test performed during pregnancy to determine elevated AFP levels, which indicate an increased risk of spina bifida.

• Ultrasound: Imaging of the developing foetus during the second trimester of pregnancy using high-frequency sound waves.

• Amniocentesis: This involves testing a sample of amniotic fluid for abnormalities linked to spina bifida.

• Magnetic Resonance Imaging or Computed Tomography Scans: These are imaging tests done after birth for a detailed view of the spinal cord and to detect any spinal opening.

Treatment or Surgery Options for Spina Bifida at Apollo Hospitals Bangalore

The Spina Bifida Surgeons at Apollo Hospitals Bangalore suggest the following surgical interventions for treating spina bifida:

• Foetal Surgery: In some cases, surgery can be performed on the foetus while still in the womb. This surgery aims to repair the spinal defect and prevent further damage to the spinal cord and nerves.

• Neonatal Surgery: Performed soon after birth in babies with myelomeningocele to close the opening in the spinal column to minimise further damage and infection risk.

• Shunt Placement: This procedure helps drain excess cerebrospinal fluid in cases of hydrocephalus.

• Physical and Occupational Therapy: These therapies help improve motor function and manage mobility issues.

• Braces and Orthotics: Devices may be used to support and improve mobility.