Best Doctors for Muscular Dystrophy in Bangalore

Types/Stages of Muscular Dystrophy

Muscular dystrophy manifests in several distinct types, each characterised by its unique symptoms and progression rate:

• Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD): This variant predominantly affects young boys, resulting in rapid muscle degeneration with symptoms appearing around ages 2-5. It results in significant muscle weakness and loss of mobility over time.

• Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD): Similar to DMD, BMD has a slower progression and less severe muscle weakness allowing patients to remain mobile for longer periods.

• Congenital Muscular Dystrophy (CMD): Present from birth or early childhood, CMD includes several subtypes that affect different muscle groups causing disability ranging from mild to severe.

• Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy (LGMD): Characterised by progressive weakness in the muscles around the shoulders and hips, LGMD often appears during childhood or adolescence.

• Myotonic Dystrophy: Most commonly seen in adults, it is characterised by an inability to relax muscles after contraction.

Symptoms of Muscular Dystrophy

The symptoms of muscular dystrophy vary depending on the type. Common signs include:

• Frequent falls, difficulty standing, running, and jumping

• Progressive muscle weakness

• Difficulty in relaxing muscles after contraction, leading to stiffness

• Muscle cramps and pain

Tests to Diagnose Muscular Dystrophy

Diagnosis involves a combination of tests performed by specialists in muscular dystrophy such as:

• Enzyme Assays: This test measures elevated creatine kinase levels that indicate muscle damage.

• Genetic Testing: This involves identifying specific genetic mutations causing muscular dystrophy.

• Electromyography: EMG evaluates the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles.

• Muscle Biopsy: In some cases, a small sample of muscle tissue is examined under a microscope.

Treatment or Surgery Options for Muscular Dystrophy at Apollo Hospitals, Bangalore

The best doctors for muscular dystrophy at Apollo Hospitals in Bangalore offer state-of-the-art treatments aimed at managing symptoms and slowing disease progression:

• Corticosteroids: These are administered to preserve muscle function. They work by reducing inflammation and stabilising muscle fibres.

• Physical and Occupational Therapy: These therapies are provided to maintain mobility and independence.

• Assistive Devices: Braces (to support weak joints and muscles), wheelchairs (for mobility assistance), and respiratory support equipment (for managing breathing difficulties) are recommended based on the patient’s needs.

• Surgical Interventions: Tendon releases (to relieve tightened muscles) or spinal fusion (to stabilise the spine in cases of scoliosis) procedures may be performed in severe cases.