Services/Treatments

Cerebral Aneurysms & Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs)

Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) is a congenital disorder of the arterial and venous systems concurrently in the brain, and the Cerebral Aneurysm is a region of dilated cerebral arteries.

Cerebral Aneurysms

A cerebral aneurysm is a swelling in a blood artery in the weak area of the brain. When blood flows into the bulge, it stretches more. If a brain aneurysm bursts or leaks, it results in a brain haemorrhage. A burst brain aneurysm often develops between the brain and the delicate tissues that envelop the brain. This is often lethal to a person. Aneurysm ruptures quickly turn life-threatening and need immediate medical attention. However, most brain aneurysms don’t burst, harm the body, or manifest symptoms. These aneurysms are frequently found during examinations for other disorders.

Symptoms

Headaches are one of the primary symptoms of an intact aneurysm. Other indications might be:

• Enlarged dark eye pupil (dilated)
• Pain behind and above the eye
• Neck ache
• Seizures
• Head or Facial tingling or numbness
• Vision problems; Blurred or double vision
• The feeling of Vomiting and Nausea
• Confusion
• Drooping Eyelids
• Sensitivity to light

Causes of Cerebral Aneurysms

The cause of a brain aneurysm is yet uncertain. These elements, according to researchers, damage and weaken blood vessels:

• Smoking
• Elevated blood pressure (hypertension)
• Cocaine and amphetamine usage
• Blood contamination
• Atherosclerosis (fatty accumulation on blood-vessel walls)
• Harm to the brain from trauma (often caused by car crashes)

Diagnosis & Treatments at Apollo Hospitals, Karnataka

You must immediately visit a doctor if you feel any discomfort or any of the symptoms mentioned above. At Apollo Hospital, Karnataka, we have qualified doctors and specialists who will assist in diagnosing and treating the problem. To analyse the problem, we conduct the following tests:

• C.T. Scan (Computerised Tomography)
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
• Cerebrospinal Fluid Test
• Cerebral Angiogram

To treat the problem, we usually suggest the following:

Open Surgical Clipping

Our experienced brain surgeons will cut an opening in your skull. Then, with the help of a small microscope, a clip is placed at the base of the aneurysm to pinch it off. This blocks the blood from into the aneurysm

Endovascular Therapy

The term “embolisation” is also used to describe endovascular therapy—a method used to treat brain aneurysms by a neuroradiologist or neurosurgeon. A catheter is inserted into the arteries within the brain that give blood flow to an aneurysm as an adjunct of an angiography.

Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs)

An irregular blood vessel network linking arteries and veins, known as an Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM), affects proper blood flow and oxygen supply.

There is a chance that the surrounding tissues won’t receive adequate oxygen if an AVM interferes with the vital process of oxygen-rich blood flow. Additionally, the abnormally twisted blood arteries that make up the AVM are prone to deterioration and burst. If the AVM explodes in the cerebral, it may result in brain bleeding (haemorrhage), a seizure, or permanent brain damage.

Symptoms

The position of an AVM affects the symptoms it causes. Signs and symptoms other than internal bleeding include:

• Brain fog
• Paroxysmal
• Decrease of neurological function over time
• Uneasiness and diarrhoea
• Memory loss

Additional warning signs and symptoms might be:

• Fragile bone structure
• Backache
• Strange feelings, including buzzing, numbness, or sharp pain
• Hallucinations
• Issues with language comprehension or speaking
• Visual problems such as losing some of your field of vision
• Having a bodily part paralysed
• Loss of balance
• Difficulties doing things that need planning
• Weakening of the lower body parts
• Blurry vision
• Eye motions or having an optic nerve oedema
• Alzheimer’s or memory loss
• Confusion

Causes

The causes of arteriovenous malformations are uncertain to doctors. Since they are congenital, they are thought to form during pregnancy and are present at birth. AVMs are only sometimes believed to be inherited (run in families).

Diagnosis & Treatments

To confirm an AVM, our doctors at Apollo Hospitals, Karnataka, will do a physical examination and a series of tests. It’s critical to rule out any underlying medical conditions that could be causing the symptoms of an AVM.

AVMs are diagnosed using imaging techniques like:

• C.T. Scan (Computerised Tomography)
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
• Cerebrospinal Fluid Test
• Cerebral Angiogram

The type of AVM will determine the kind of surgery you require. We have three choices available.

Standard Surgery

The AVM is surgically removed after a tiny incision is made close to it, the surrounding arteries and veins are sealed to prevent bleeding, and the AVM is removed. Normal blood arteries receive a rerouting of blood flow.

Radiosurgery

In radiosurgery, the AVM is targeted with a laser or other highly focused radiation beam. The blood flow into the AVM will eventually cease due to the radiation’s damage to the blood vessel walls and scar tissue formation.

Endovascular embolization

Endovascular embolisation can treat arterial malformations deep inside the brain or spinal cord tissue. In this operation, the aberrant connection is sealed by guiding a thin, flexible tube known as a catheter to the AVM. Although it doesn’t treat AVM, it lessens blood flow and makes surgery less risky.

We aim to help all everyone who visits us by religiously following the patient-centric approach. With our cutting-edge infrastructure and highly advanced technologies, we are able to provide successful treatments to many and give them a better future. Visit Apollo Hospital, Karnataka, for safer and more secure treatment.